[译文]硬盘指南：盘体总装（HDA）

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HARD DISK DRIVE GUIDE
How a Hard Disk Drive Works
Hard Disk Assembly
硬盘指南：硬盘如何工作---盘体总装
Last updated: 2/5/2002

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The purpose of this article is to provide just the right balance of technical detail to convey a good insight into the innards of a hard disk drive and how if basically works without burdening the reader with excessive technical detail.

本文的目的是提供很好平衡过的对硬盘内部的观察以及它的基本工作原理，并不想给读者过多的详细技术资料。

HARD DISK ASSEMBLY.  A hard disk drive consists of a motor, spindle, platters, read/write heads, actuator, frame, air filter, and electronics.  The frame mounts the mechanical parts of the drive and is sealed with a cover.  The sealed part of the drive is known as the Hard Disk Assembly or HDA.  The drive electronics usually consists of one or more printed circuit boards mounted on the bottom of the HDA.

盘体总装   硬盘由马达、转锭、盘片、读写头、音圈驱动器、框架、空气过滤器以及电子器件等构成。框架安装硬盘的机械部件并用盖子封装。硬盘的封装部分就是盘体总装（HDA）。硬盘的电子部件通常由一块或更多的印刷电路板组成，安装在盘体的底部。

A head and platter can be visualized as being similar to a record and playback head on an old phonograph, except the data structure of a hard disk is arranged into concentric circles instead of in a spiral as it on a phonograph record (and CD-ROM).  A hard disk has one or more platters and each platter usually has a head on each of its sides.  The platters in modern drives are made from glass or ceramic to avoid the unfavorable thermal characteristics of the aluminum platters found in older drives.  A layer of magnetic material is deposited/sputtered on the surface of the platters and those in most of the drives I've dissected have shiny, chrome-like surfaces.  The platters are mounted on the spindle which is turned by the drive motor.  Most current IDE hard disk drives spin at 5,400, 7,200, or 10,000 RPM and 15,000 RPM drives are emerging.

可以看到磁头和盘片和老式留声机上纪录和回访头相似，不同的是硬盘的数据一系列的同心圆而不是老式留声机（还有光驱）上的螺旋结构。硬盘有一个或多个盘片，每个盘片的两面通常都安排一个磁头。现代硬盘盘片由玻璃或陶瓷做成以便避免老式硬盘中的铝盘片令人不快的热性能（译者注：其实现在还是用铝盘片）。盘片的表面有一层沉积/溅射的磁性物质，我所拆开的绝大多数硬盘的盘片具有光亮的象镀了铬一样表面。盘片安装在主轴上由马达驱动。多数近代硬盘的转速为5,400，7,200，10,000RPM（转/分）而15,000RPM也出现了。